目的 探討局部應(yīng)用苯妥英治療各類創(chuàng)口的有效性和安全性.方法 計算機(jī)檢索MEDLINE(1966~2002.10)、EMBASE(1984~2002.10)、Cochrane 圖書館(2002年第4期)、Biologic Abstract(1993~1996)、Cancerlit(1997~2002.9)、Life Science Collection(1982~1995.3)、The International Pharmaceutical Abstract(1970~2002)和中國生物醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(1978~2003.1),收集局部應(yīng)用苯妥英治療各類創(chuàng)口的對照試驗.逐篇評價納入研究的質(zhì)量后,對研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行描述性分析.結(jié)果 共納入9篇文獻(xiàn)(1篇RCT、8篇同期非隨機(jī)對照研究),共507例各類創(chuàng)口.文獻(xiàn)質(zhì)量評價結(jié)果顯示,納入文獻(xiàn)的方法學(xué)質(zhì)量均較低.多數(shù)研究的結(jié)果表明,局部應(yīng)用苯妥英在健康肉芽組織的生長、痊愈率、痊愈時間以及降低創(chuàng)口細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)陽性率方面較對照藥療效好,但由于各種創(chuàng)口形成原因、對照干預(yù)措施以及結(jié)局評價指標(biāo)上存在差異,未能進(jìn)行Meta分析.僅一個研究報道有輕微的不良反應(yīng).結(jié)論 評價者認(rèn)為納入論證強(qiáng)度低于隨機(jī)對照試驗的研究,其結(jié)論可能引起誤導(dǎo),因此要得出苯妥英治療各類創(chuàng)口肯定有效的結(jié)論,尚需進(jìn)行更多設(shè)計、執(zhí)行和報告都良好的隨機(jī)對照試驗.
目的 總結(jié)汶川地震傷員救治過程中日間病房的醫(yī)療物資準(zhǔn)備、管理經(jīng)驗,為日后應(yīng)對突發(fā)事件中醫(yī)院綜合性病房醫(yī)療物資保障與管理提供參考。方法 系統(tǒng)收集整理汶川地震傷員救治過程中四川大學(xué)華西醫(yī)院日間病房醫(yī)療救治數(shù)據(jù)、醫(yī)療隊和護(hù)理模式、物資準(zhǔn)備與管理等相關(guān)資料。結(jié)果 在此次汶川地震醫(yī)療救援中,華西醫(yī)院日間病房的醫(yī)療護(hù)理高效有序的物資服務(wù)流程管理與準(zhǔn)備工作為其圓滿完成大量地震傷員的救治任務(wù)提供了充分保障。5 月12 日至5 月29 日收治224 例地震傷員均得到及時有效的救治。結(jié)論 日間病房作為以護(hù)理為中心的綜合性病房,轉(zhuǎn)型和管理具有靈活性,在突發(fā)事件發(fā)生時能首先騰出可收治病人的病床資源并快速有效地準(zhǔn)備充足的醫(yī)療物資展開醫(yī)療救護(hù),滿足緊急救援傷員的需要。
汶川地震發(fā)生后,四川大學(xué)華西醫(yī)院護(hù)理部立即啟動應(yīng)急預(yù)案,合理調(diào)度院內(nèi)、省外以及國際醫(yī)療隊援助護(hù)理人員;迅速組建急診醫(yī)療救護(hù)團(tuán)隊、建立地震傷員基本信息快速登記與快速預(yù)檢分診流程,制定并優(yōu)化接收傷員流程、改善信息采集流程;根據(jù)不同時期收治地震傷員的情況調(diào)整工作重點,確保地震醫(yī)療救援的高效運行。同時保證了院內(nèi)常規(guī)醫(yī)療護(hù)理工作,確保其間常規(guī)住院病人無一人發(fā)生意外。
目的 總結(jié)各護(hù)理單元貫徹衛(wèi)生部“醫(yī)院質(zhì)量管理年”核心制度執(zhí)行情況的檢查考核方法。 方法 回顧性分析總結(jié)2006年1月起醫(yī)院各科室核心制度執(zhí)行考核情況,既按照護(hù)理核心制度的內(nèi)容要求,制定考核項目,并采用隨機(jī)抽樣的調(diào)查方法進(jìn)行護(hù)理核心制度執(zhí)行情況檢查,考核評價其執(zhí)行落實狀況及效果。 結(jié)果 分極護(hù)理制度執(zhí)行情況均達(dá)到100%正確率,但診斷卡、床頭標(biāo)識的準(zhǔn)確性完整性不高;查對制度執(zhí)行情況:日查對、周查對正確率均為97.6%,查對后簽字正確率為100.0%;醫(yī)囑制度執(zhí)行情況:各病房抗生素輸注間隔時間多為6~8 h,抗生素配置正確率97.6%,但藥液抽吸正確率不高。 結(jié)論 護(hù)士和臨床護(hù)理管理人員核心制度落實好,有效地促進(jìn)了醫(yī)院質(zhì)量管理長效機(jī)制的建立。
【摘要】 目的 探討建設(shè)卓越護(hù)理團(tuán)隊,提高護(hù)理質(zhì)量的方法與途徑?!》椒ā≡诂F(xiàn)有護(hù)理人力資源基礎(chǔ)上,調(diào)整護(hù)理小組結(jié)構(gòu),實施透明化計分競爭制?!〗Y(jié)果 護(hù)理人員積極性增加,實現(xiàn)了人人都管事,事事有人管,打造出高績效、高凝聚力的卓越護(hù)理小組,護(hù)理質(zhì)量大大提高?!〗Y(jié)論 透明化計分競爭制具有較強(qiáng)的科學(xué)性和可行性。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate methods and ways to establish excellent nursing teams and improve nursing quality. Methods Basing on the present available nursing human resources, we adjusted the structure of nursing teams and brought in the transparent competition system. Results Enthusiasm of the nurses was immensely encouraged. Nursing work was appropriately distributed to every nurse. Excellent nursing teams with brilliant performance and cohesion were created, which greatly improved our nursing quality. Conclusion Transparent competition system is a scientific and feasible way in creating excellent nursing teams.
【摘要】 目的 分析國內(nèi)醫(yī)學(xué)期刊發(fā)表的災(zāi)害護(hù)理文獻(xiàn),為災(zāi)害護(hù)理證據(jù)的生產(chǎn)和傳播提供參考。 方法 檢索中國知網(wǎng)CNKI全文數(shù)據(jù)庫醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生專輯(1991~2010.01),收集災(zāi)害護(hù)理相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),進(jìn)行分類和描述性統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果 207篇文獻(xiàn)中,2008年前發(fā)表32篇(15.47%),2008年及以后發(fā)表175篇(85.53%)。文獻(xiàn)分布于67種醫(yī)學(xué)期刊,其中護(hù)理類17種98篇(47.34%),非護(hù)理類50種109篇(52.66%)。統(tǒng)計源期刊137篇(66.18%),其他期刊70篇(33.72%)。護(hù)理類統(tǒng)計源期刊收錄79篇,占護(hù)理類期刊刊發(fā)數(shù)的80.61%。以經(jīng)驗類128篇(61.84%),理論類60篇(28.98%),研究類19篇(9.18%);內(nèi)容以醫(yī)療救護(hù)類94篇(61.84%),管理類 72篇(28.98%),教育類31篇(14.98%),其他類10篇(4.83%);醫(yī)療救護(hù)類文獻(xiàn)中,未見慢性病相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)。 結(jié)論 2008年是災(zāi)害護(hù)理文獻(xiàn)增長的分界點,統(tǒng)計源期刊是證據(jù)的主要來源。災(zāi)害護(hù)理文獻(xiàn)以經(jīng)驗類為主,涵蓋災(zāi)害醫(yī)療救護(hù)、管理及教育,需要開發(fā)災(zāi)害慢性病護(hù)理證據(jù)。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the literature on disaster nursing published in medical journals and provide reference for the development and dissemination of evidence on disaster nursing. Methods Papers on disaster nursing were get from the CNKI database (1991 to January 2010). After classification, they were inputted to excel and descriptive analysis was applied. Results There were totally 207 papers, among which 32 (15.47%) were published before 2008 and 175 (85.53%) were published in and after 2008. Papers were published in 67 medical journals, for which 17 (98 papers, 47.34%) were nursing Journals, while 50 (109 papers, 52.66%)were not nursing. one hundred and thirty-seren papers (66.18%) were published in Source Journals for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations, 70 (33.72%) were not. Seventy-nine papers were published in nursing journals for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations. On the type, 128 papers (61.84%) were experience ones, 60 (28.98%) were theoretical papers and 19 (9.18%) were research papers. On the content, 94 (61.84%) were about nursing and rescue practice, 72 (28.98%) were about disaster nursing management, 31 (14.98%) were on disaster nursing education and 10 (4.83%) were others. No literature on chronic disease was found among papers on nursing and rescue practice. Conclusion The year 2008 is apoint for the development of disaster nursing evidence. The evidence were published in kinds of medical journals. The Source Journals for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations were the main source for the evidence. The evidence were mainly experience ones. The evidence covered in the fields of nursing and rescue practice, disaster nursing management and disaster nursing education, literature on disaster amp; chronic disease was needed.
目的評估快速康復(fù)護(hù)理在腎臟部分切除術(shù)患者圍手術(shù)期應(yīng)用的可行性及安全性。 方法將2010年1月-2013年7月收治的144例腎臟部分切除患者,按住院號尾數(shù)的奇偶分為快速康復(fù)組(75例)和傳統(tǒng)護(hù)理組(69例),分別實施快速康復(fù)措施與傳統(tǒng)護(hù)理方法,觀察比較兩組患者圍手術(shù)期恢復(fù)的相關(guān)指標(biāo),評價快速康復(fù)護(hù)理的效果。 結(jié)果快速康復(fù)組術(shù)后恢復(fù)6個指標(biāo)優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)護(hù)理組(P<0.05),平均住院時間短于傳統(tǒng)護(hù)理組(P<0.05),且兩組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。 結(jié)論運用縮短術(shù)前禁食時間、早期下床活動、早期由口進(jìn)食、早期拔除引流管等快速康復(fù)措施是安全有效的,可加速患者術(shù)后康復(fù),縮短術(shù)后住院時間,值得推廣應(yīng)用。
目的 探討護(hù)士指導(dǎo)與支持下的病人自我管理型家庭心臟康復(fù)訓(xùn)練對改善冠心病患者生活質(zhì)量的效果.方法 將167名符合納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的冠心病患者隨機(jī)分配到干預(yù)組與對照組.對照組84例接受常規(guī)治療護(hù)理,干預(yù)組83例接受為期12周的患者自我管理型家庭心臟康復(fù)訓(xùn)練,包括藥物管理、心絞痛管理、運動鍛煉、飲食管理、戒煙等.生活質(zhì)量用SF-36中文版測評.資料收集時間為干預(yù)前、干預(yù)后,以及干預(yù)結(jié)束后3個月隨訪時.結(jié)果 接受心臟康復(fù)訓(xùn)練的干預(yù)組患者在一般健康狀況、生理機(jī)能、生理職能、軀體疼痛、心理健康和精力方面的改善均顯著優(yōu)于對照組.三個月后隨訪時,其生理功能和生理職能的改善亦顯著優(yōu)于對照組.結(jié)論 護(hù)士指導(dǎo)與支持下的患者自我管理型家庭心臟康復(fù)訓(xùn)練對改善冠心病患者的生活質(zhì)量有積極作用.