目的 選擇SARS危機(jī)中公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急反應(yīng)體系完善、應(yīng)急迅速的有代表性的國(guó)家,對(duì)其公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急反應(yīng)體系的機(jī)構(gòu)機(jī)制與績(jī)效進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,為我國(guó)建立和完善公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急反應(yīng)體系提供依據(jù).
方法 采用循證科學(xué)的原理和方法,通過(guò)系統(tǒng)查閱、收集和評(píng)價(jià)中國(guó)、美國(guó)、英國(guó)、澳大利亞和新加坡官方網(wǎng)站的信息,比較其SARS防治績(jī)效及公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急反應(yīng)體系的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置和運(yùn)作機(jī)制,分析原因,總結(jié)問(wèn)題,提出對(duì)策.
結(jié)果 美國(guó)、英國(guó)和澳大利亞的SARS防治績(jī)效最好;新加坡的應(yīng)急反應(yīng)措施受到WHO高度評(píng)價(jià).我國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急反應(yīng)體系的結(jié)構(gòu)與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相似,但投入不足、管理落后、運(yùn)作機(jī)制不成熟導(dǎo)致效率低下.
結(jié)論 我國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生體系改革應(yīng)以加強(qiáng)機(jī)制建設(shè)為突破口.我國(guó)幅員遼闊,不同地區(qū)宜采用適合本地區(qū)條件的公共衛(wèi)生防御體系和機(jī)制.上述國(guó)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn)有助于我們建立和完善有中國(guó)特色的公共衛(wèi)生預(yù)警應(yīng)急體系.
引用本文： 孫丁,李幼平,馮曦兮,黃揩森,鐘鈴,甘靖,周榮樂(lè),王鑫,鄭靜,易嵐,曾錚,稅紅,劉挺,易剛. 從SARS防治績(jī)效對(duì)比研究各國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急反應(yīng)體系. 中國(guó)循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2004, 04(6): 402-409. doi: 復(fù)制
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| 10. | ［7］He L, Li YP, Xu J, Tang GM, Tao TJ, Sun D. Information management of public health emergencies in SARS crisis [J].Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2004, 4 ( 2 ):122-128. |
| 11. | 何林,李幼平,徐娟,唐光敏,陶鐵軍,孫丁.從SARS防治看突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件的信息管制與成效[J].中國(guó)循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2004,4(2):122～128. |
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| 17. | ［11］Australia can deal with a biological incident [EB/OL]. Availa ble from: URL: http://www. health. gov. au/pubhlth/strateg/communic/factsheets/anthrax_statement. html. |
- 1. ［1］The world health report 2003-shaping the future [ EB/OL ].Available from: URL: http://www. who. int/whr/2003/en/.
- 2. ［2］Deng SL, Sun D, Li YP, Tao TJ, Liu XH, Sun XL, Tian HM, Zhou QH, Liu M, Zhao LS, He Q, Li J, Liu CT.The construction of a public health system in Chengdu: from the point of view of evidence-based medicine [ J ]. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2004; 4 (3): 187-193.
- 3. 鄧紹林,孫丁,李幼平,陶鐵軍,劉協(xié)和,孫學(xué)禮,田浩潑?周請(qǐng)華,劉鳴,趙連三,何慶,李靜,劉春濤.從循證醫(yī)學(xué)角度看成都市公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)[J].中國(guó)循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2004;4(3):187～193.
- 4. ［3］Situation in Singapore and Hong Kong, interpretation of "areas with recent local transmission" [ EB/OL]. Available from:URL: http ://www. who. int/csr/sarsarchive/2003-05-12/en/.
- 5. ［4］Ru X, Lu XY, Li PL, Yang GH. SARS epidemic and public health system of China [ A]. 2004: Blue book of Analysis and prediction of social situation of China [ M], Beijing: Social Science Literature Press.
- 6. 汝信,陸學(xué)藝,李培林,楊功煥.SARS流行與中國(guó)公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)[A]2004年:中國(guó)社會(huì)形勢(shì)分析與預(yù)測(cè)·社會(huì)藍(lán)皮書(shū)[M],北京:社會(huì)科學(xué)文獻(xiàn)出版社.
- 7. ［5］Tad Fallows, Liu AT, Hu CL. Does China need to establish a regular public crisis management agency [ EB/OL] ? Available from: URL: http://www. caijing. com. cn/mag/preview. aspx? ArtID =4198.
- 8. Tad Fallows,劉安田,胡春磊.中國(guó)是否需要建立常設(shè)的公共危機(jī)管理機(jī)構(gòu)[EB/OL]?Available from:URL:http://www. caijing. com. cn/mag/preview. aspx? ArtID =4198.
- 9. ［6］Mokdad AH, Bales VS, Greenlund KJ, Mensah GA. Public health surveillance for disease prevention: lessons from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system [J]. Ethn Dis, 2003;13(2 Suppl 2): S19-23.
- 10. ［7］He L, Li YP, Xu J, Tang GM, Tao TJ, Sun D. Information management of public health emergencies in SARS crisis [J].Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2004, 4 ( 2 ):122-128.
- 11. 何林,李幼平,徐娟,唐光敏,陶鐵軍,孫丁.從SARS防治看突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件的信息管制與成效[J].中國(guó)循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2004,4(2):122～128.
- 12. ［8］National Electronic Disease Surveillance System Working Group. National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS): a standards-based approach to connect public health and clinical medicine [ J ]. J Public Health Manag Pract, 2001; 7(6): 43-50.
- 13. ［9］Huang JF. Evidence-based reform on health care after SARS[J]. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2003; 3(3): 169-170.
- 14. 黃杰夫.SARS過(guò)后看循證醫(yī)學(xué)與醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生改革[J].中國(guó)循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2003;3(3):169～170.
- 15. ［10］Huang JS. A view on the public health response system of USA [EB/OL]. Available from: URL: http://www. people. com. cn/GB/keji/1059/2110031. html.
- 16. 黃建始.從美國(guó)沒(méi)有SARS大流行看突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)對(duì)體系[EB/OL].Available from:URL:http://www.people. com. cn/GB/keji/1059/2110031. html.
- 17. ［11］Australia can deal with a biological incident [EB/OL]. Availa ble from: URL: http://www. health. gov. au/pubhlth/strateg/communic/factsheets/anthrax_statement. html.