目的 探討輕度支氣管哮喘(簡稱哮喘)患者在支氣管激發(fā)試驗(BPT)前后小氣道和彌散功能的變化。方法 采用前瞻性研究方法,對臨床上疑為哮喘的患者(出現(xiàn)發(fā)作性喘息、胸悶、咳嗽,胸片正常,基礎(chǔ)肺功能在正常范圍)行BPT,BPT陽性者為哮喘組,BPT陰性者為對照組。于BPT前后進行肺容量、通氣功能及彌散功能檢查,比較哮喘組和對照組試驗前后肺功能的變化。結(jié)果 (1)激發(fā)前,哮喘組和對照組第1秒用力呼氣容積占預(yù)計值百分比(FEV1%)、1秒率(FEV1/FVC)、用力肺活量占預(yù)計值百分比(FVC%)、肺活量占預(yù)計值百分比(VC%)、肺總量占預(yù)計值百分比(TLC%)、功能殘氣量占預(yù)計值百分比(FRC%)、殘氣量占預(yù)計值百分比(RV%)和殘氣量/肺總量(Rv%)等指標比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P均 gt;0.05)。激發(fā)后,哮喘組FEV1/FVC和FVC%較對照組顯著下降(P均 lt;0.01),而FRC%(P lt;0.05),RV%(P lt;0.01)和RV/TLC(P lt;0.01)較對照組顯著增加。哮喘組激發(fā)前后FEV1/FVC和FVC%下降率顯著高于對照組(P均 lt;0.01),TLC%,RV%和RV/TLC增加率顯著高于對照組(P均 lt;0.01)。(2)激發(fā)前哮喘組最大呼氣中期流速(FEF25%-75%)(P lt;0.05)、在75%肺活量位時的最大呼氣流速(Vmax75%)(P lt;0.01)、在50%肺活量位時的最大呼氣流速(Vmax50%)(P lt;0.05)均較對照組顯著下降。激發(fā)后上述指標及在25%肺活量位時的最大呼氣流速(Vmax25%)較對照組顯著降低(P均 lt;0.01)。哮喘組激發(fā)前后FEF25%-75%,V max75%,V max50%和max25%下降率顯著高于對照組(P均 lt;0.01)。⑶激發(fā)前后哮喘組和對照組一氧化碳彌散功能無顯著差異。結(jié)論 輕度哮喘患者BPT前肺功能雖然在正常范圍,但小氣道功能較氣道反應(yīng)性正?;颊呓档停籅PT后存在大氣道和小氣道功能障礙,彌散功能正常。
引用本文: 陳亞紅,姚婉貞,柳曉芳,梁巖靜. 輕度哮喘患者在支氣管激發(fā)試驗前后小氣道功能及彌散功能的改變. 中國呼吸與危重監(jiān)護雜志, 2007, 6(1): 3-7. doi: 復(fù)制
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13. | Hudon C,Turcotte H,Laviolette M,et al.Characteristics of bronchial asthma with incomplete reversibility of airflow obstruction.Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol,1997,78:195-202. |
14. | Gelb AF,Licuanan J,Shinar CM,et al.Unsuspected loss of lung elastic recoil in chronic persistent asthma.Chest,2002,121:715-721. |
15. | Collard P,Njinou B,Nejadnik B,et al.Single breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide in stable asthma.Chest,1994,105:1426-1429. |
16. | 劉春濤,何權(quán)瀛.2004中國哮喘論壇專家共識.中國呼吸與危重監(jiān)護雜志,2004,3:204-208. |
- 1. 中華醫(yī)學(xué)會呼吸病學(xué)會哮喘學(xué)組.支氣管哮喘防治指南(支氣管哮喘的定義、診斷、治療及教育和管理方案).中華內(nèi)科雜志,2003,42:817-822.
- 2. 四川省醫(yī)學(xué)會呼吸病專業(yè)委員會.新指南,新起點.中國呼吸與危重監(jiān)護雜志,2003,2:3-13.
- 3. Shaw RJ,Djukanovic R,Tashkin DP,et al.The role of small airways in lung disease.Respir Med,2002,96:67-80.
- 4. Maselli R,Paciocco G.Asthma:pathophysiology of the bronchial obstruction.Allergy,2000,55 Suppl 61:49-51.
- 5. Boulet LP,Lemiere C,Archambault F,et al.Smoking and asthma:clinical and radiologic features,lung function,and airway inflammation.Chest,2006,129:661-668.
- 6. Sciurba FC.Physiologic similarities and differences between COPD and asthma.Chest,2004,126:117S-124S.
- 7. King GG,Carroll JD,Muller NL,et al.Heterogeneity of narrowing in normal and asthmatic airways measured by HRCT.Eur Respir J,2004,24:211-218.
- 8. Parker AL,Abu-Hijleh M,McCool FD.Ratio between forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity and FVC is a determinant of airway reactivity and sensitivity to methacholine.Chest,2003,124:63-69.
- 9. Currie GP,Jackson CM,Lee DK,et al.Determinants of airway hyperresponsiveness in mild asthma.Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol,2003,90:560-563.
- 10. 姚婉貞,趙鳴武,韓榮蘚.以肺功能實測值作為支氣管激發(fā)試驗的判定指標比較分析.中華結(jié)核和呼吸雜志,1994,17:220-222.
- 11. van der Lee I,Zanen P,van den Bosch JM,et al.Pattern of diffusion disturbance related to clinical diagnosis:The K(CO) has no diagnostic value next to the DL(CO).Respir Med,2006,100:101-109.
- 12. Ulrik CS,Backer V.Nonreversible airflow obstruction in life-long nonsmokers with moderate to severe asthma.Eur Respir J,1999,14:892-896.
- 13. Hudon C,Turcotte H,Laviolette M,et al.Characteristics of bronchial asthma with incomplete reversibility of airflow obstruction.Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol,1997,78:195-202.
- 14. Gelb AF,Licuanan J,Shinar CM,et al.Unsuspected loss of lung elastic recoil in chronic persistent asthma.Chest,2002,121:715-721.
- 15. Collard P,Njinou B,Nejadnik B,et al.Single breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide in stable asthma.Chest,1994,105:1426-1429.
- 16. 劉春濤,何權(quán)瀛.2004中國哮喘論壇專家共識.中國呼吸與危重監(jiān)護雜志,2004,3:204-208.