• 四川大學華西醫(yī)院肝移植中心(四川成都 610041);

目的  探討肝功能為Child A級門靜脈高壓癥患者行肝移植治療后的預后,并與斷流術相比較。
方法  回顧性分析1999~2011年期間在四川大學華西醫(yī)院肝移植中心因門靜脈高壓癥行斷流術或肝移植治療患者的臨床資料。根據手術方式的不同分為斷流組(152例)及肝移植組(43例)。收集患者的術前參數(shù)如年齡、 Child評分、終末期肝病模型(MELD)評分、 總膽紅素、 肌酐、 國際標準化比值、 白蛋白和門靜脈高壓癥并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況, 以及術中出血量和輸血量、手術時間、入住重癥監(jiān)護室時間及住院時間, 并進行分析。術后并發(fā)癥按照Clavien-Dindo分類標準分析, 并比較2組患者的生存曲線。
結果  與斷流組比較,肝移植組的術中失血量(P<0.05)及輸血量(P<0.05)更多,手術時間(P<0.05)、重癥監(jiān)護室觀察時間(P<0.05)及住院時間(P<0.05)更長; Clavien-DindoⅢ級以上嚴重術后并發(fā)癥, 肝移植組的發(fā)生率為18.60%(8/43),高于斷流組的1.97%(3/152),P<0.05。肝移植組的總膽紅素和肌酐在術后1周內均高于斷流組(P<0.05);國際標準比值在術后第1天肝移植組高于斷流組(P<0.01),但在術后第7天2組的水平接近(P>0.05)。斷流組及肝移植組的術后1、3及5年生存率分別為100%、100%和 100% 以及90.3%、 86.5%和 86.5%,斷流組患者的短期及長期生存率均高于肝移植組(P<0.05)。
結論  肝硬變肝功Child A級患者行肝移植治療并不比行脾切除門奇斷流術更受益,因此可推遲此類患者的肝移植手術時間,因為采用有效的斷流術仍可獲得較好的療效。

引用本文: 王明,文天夫,嚴律南,李川,張宇. 肝硬變肝功Child A級患者行肝移植或脾切除門奇斷流術的療效比較△. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2013, 20(1): 18-23. doi: 復制

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2. Henderson JM. Surgical treatment of portal hypertension[J]. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 2000, 14(6):911-925.
3. Makdissi FF, Herman P, Pugliese V, et al. Long-term results of esophagogastric devascularization and splenectomy associated with endoscopic treatment in schistosomal portal hypertension[J]. World J Surg, 2010, 34(11):2682-2688.
4. 楊鎮(zhèn), 裘法祖. 脾切除賁門周圍血管離斷術治療門靜脈高壓癥的療效[J]. 中華外科雜志, 2000, 38(9):645-648.
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6. Zhang Y, Wen TF, Yan LN,et al. The changes of hepatic hemodynamics and functional hepatic reserve after splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization[J]. Hepatogastroenterology, 2009, 56(91-92):835-839.
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8. Kinjo N, Kawanaka H, Akahoshi T, et al. Risk factors for portal venous thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension[J]. Br J Surg, 2010, 97(6):910-916.
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11. Goodman Z, Dhillon AP, Wu PC, et al. Lamivudine treatment reduces progression to cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B[J]. J Hepatol, 1999, 30(Suppl 1):59.
12. Dienstag JL, Goldin RD, Heathcote EJ, et al. Histological outcome during long-term lamivudine therapy[J]. Gastroenterology,2003, 124(1):105-117.
13. Hui JM, George J, Liddle C, et al. Changes in serum albumin during treatment of chronic hepatitis B with lamivudine:effects of response and emergence of drug resistance[J]. Am J Gastroenterol, 2002, 97(4):1003-1009.
14. Fontana RJ. Management of patients with decompensated HBV cirrhosis[J]. Semin Liver Dis, 2003, 23(1):89-100.
15. Perrillo RP, Wright T, Rakela J, et al. A multicenter United States-Canadian trial to assess lamivudine monotherapy before and after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B[J]. Hepatology, 2001, 33(2):424-432.
16. Li C, Mi K, Wen TF, et al. Outcome comparison of right hepatectomy for living liver donation versus for hepatic patients withoutcirrhosis[J]. Gastrointest Surg, 2011, 15(6):982-987.
17. Li C, Mi K, Wen TF, et al. Outcomes of patients with benign liver diseases undergoing living donor versus deceased donor liver transplantation[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(11):e27366.
18. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications:a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6 336patients and results of a survey[J]. Ann Surg, 2004, 240(2):205-213.
19. Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, et al. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications:five-year experience[J]. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(2):187-196.
20. Arroyo V, Gines P, Gerbes AL, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis[J]. Hepatology, 1996, 23 (1):164-176.
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23. Zheng X, Liu Q, Yao Y. Laparoscopic splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization is a safe, effective, minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of portal hypertension with refra-ctory variceal bleeding[J]. Surg Innov, 2012 Mar 28.[Epub ahead of print].
24. Liaw YF, Sung JJ, Chow WC, et al. Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease[J]. N Engl J Med, 2004, 351(15):1521-1531.
25. Freeman RB Jr, Stef?ck DE, Guidinger MK, et al. Liver andintestine transplantation in the United States, 1997-2006[J]. Am J Transplant, 2008, 8(4 Pt 2):958-976.
26. Perkins JD, Halldorson JB, Bakthavatsalam R, et al. Should liver transplantation in patients with model for end-stage liverdisease scores≤14 be avoided? A decision analysis approach[J]. Liver Transpl, 2009, 15(2):242-254.
27. Schaubel DE, Sima CS, Goodrich NP, et al. The survival bene?t of deceased donor liver transplantation as a function of candidate disease severity and donor quality[J]. Am J Transplant, 2008, 8(2):419-425.
28. Merion RM, Schaubel DE, Dykstra DM, et al. The survival bene?t of liver transplantation[J]. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(2):307-313.
  1. 1. Klupp J, Kohler S, Pascher A, et al. Liver transplantation as ultimate tool to treat portal hypertension[J]. Dig Dis, 2005,23(1):65-71.
  2. 2. Henderson JM. Surgical treatment of portal hypertension[J]. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 2000, 14(6):911-925.
  3. 3. Makdissi FF, Herman P, Pugliese V, et al. Long-term results of esophagogastric devascularization and splenectomy associated with endoscopic treatment in schistosomal portal hypertension[J]. World J Surg, 2010, 34(11):2682-2688.
  4. 4. 楊鎮(zhèn), 裘法祖. 脾切除賁門周圍血管離斷術治療門靜脈高壓癥的療效[J]. 中華外科雜志, 2000, 38(9):645-648.
  5. 5. Karara K, el-Gendi MA, Gertsch P, et al. Portal pressure measurements before and after Hassab’s decongestion operation. A preliminary report[J]. Int Surg, 1987, 72(3):141-143.
  6. 6. Zhang Y, Wen TF, Yan LN,et al. The changes of hepatic hemodynamics and functional hepatic reserve after splenectomy with periesophagogastric devascularization[J]. Hepatogastroenterology, 2009, 56(91-92):835-839.
  7. 7. Kapoor D, Sarin SK. Pathophysiology of portal hypertension[J]. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2002, 17 Suppl:S482-S487.
  8. 8. Kinjo N, Kawanaka H, Akahoshi T, et al. Risk factors for portal venous thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension[J]. Br J Surg, 2010, 97(6):910-916.
  9. 9. Lai CL, Chien RN, Leung NW, et al. A one-year trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B.[J]. N Engl J Med, 1998, 339(2):61-68.
  10. 10. Dienstag JL, Schiff ER, Wright TL, et al. Lamivudine as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis B in the United States[J]. N Engl J Med, 1999, 341(17):1256-1263.
  11. 11. Goodman Z, Dhillon AP, Wu PC, et al. Lamivudine treatment reduces progression to cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B[J]. J Hepatol, 1999, 30(Suppl 1):59.
  12. 12. Dienstag JL, Goldin RD, Heathcote EJ, et al. Histological outcome during long-term lamivudine therapy[J]. Gastroenterology,2003, 124(1):105-117.
  13. 13. Hui JM, George J, Liddle C, et al. Changes in serum albumin during treatment of chronic hepatitis B with lamivudine:effects of response and emergence of drug resistance[J]. Am J Gastroenterol, 2002, 97(4):1003-1009.
  14. 14. Fontana RJ. Management of patients with decompensated HBV cirrhosis[J]. Semin Liver Dis, 2003, 23(1):89-100.
  15. 15. Perrillo RP, Wright T, Rakela J, et al. A multicenter United States-Canadian trial to assess lamivudine monotherapy before and after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B[J]. Hepatology, 2001, 33(2):424-432.
  16. 16. Li C, Mi K, Wen TF, et al. Outcome comparison of right hepatectomy for living liver donation versus for hepatic patients withoutcirrhosis[J]. Gastrointest Surg, 2011, 15(6):982-987.
  17. 17. Li C, Mi K, Wen TF, et al. Outcomes of patients with benign liver diseases undergoing living donor versus deceased donor liver transplantation[J]. PLoS One, 2011, 6(11):e27366.
  18. 18. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications:a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6 336patients and results of a survey[J]. Ann Surg, 2004, 240(2):205-213.
  19. 19. Clavien PA, Barkun J, de Oliveira ML, et al. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications:five-year experience[J]. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(2):187-196.
  20. 20. Arroyo V, Gines P, Gerbes AL, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis[J]. Hepatology, 1996, 23 (1):164-176.
  21. 21. 周總光, 趙玉沛. 外科學[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 2009:472.
  22. 22. Kamath PS, Kim WR;Advanced Liver Disease Study Group. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)[J]. Hepatology, 2007, 45(3):797-805.
  23. 23. Zheng X, Liu Q, Yao Y. Laparoscopic splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization is a safe, effective, minimally invasive alternative for the treatment of portal hypertension with refra-ctory variceal bleeding[J]. Surg Innov, 2012 Mar 28.[Epub ahead of print].
  24. 24. Liaw YF, Sung JJ, Chow WC, et al. Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease[J]. N Engl J Med, 2004, 351(15):1521-1531.
  25. 25. Freeman RB Jr, Stef?ck DE, Guidinger MK, et al. Liver andintestine transplantation in the United States, 1997-2006[J]. Am J Transplant, 2008, 8(4 Pt 2):958-976.
  26. 26. Perkins JD, Halldorson JB, Bakthavatsalam R, et al. Should liver transplantation in patients with model for end-stage liverdisease scores≤14 be avoided? A decision analysis approach[J]. Liver Transpl, 2009, 15(2):242-254.
  27. 27. Schaubel DE, Sima CS, Goodrich NP, et al. The survival bene?t of deceased donor liver transplantation as a function of candidate disease severity and donor quality[J]. Am J Transplant, 2008, 8(2):419-425.
  28. 28. Merion RM, Schaubel DE, Dykstra DM, et al. The survival bene?t of liver transplantation[J]. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(2):307-313.